Internal-combustion motor.



DJAN.3,1912. l

Patented Oct. 8, 1932.

8 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

G. B. COLLIER.

INTERNAL GOMBUSTION MOTOR.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 3, 1912. 1,040,277. Patented 0st. 8, 1912.

3 SHEETSY'SHEET Z.

G. B CLLER..

KN TERNAL GMBUSTN MOTOR TINTTED STATES PATENT oEEToE.

` *GUYVR CQLLIER, 0E KINDERHOOK, NEW YORK.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION MOTOR.

To all whom t may concern.'

'Be it known that I, GUY B. COLLIER, a citizen lof the United States, residing at Kinderhook, in the county of Columbia and State of New' York, have-invented certain new and useful Improvements in Internal- Combustion Motors; andi I ldo hereby dcclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact vdescription of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The present invention relates to internal combustion motors, and more`iparticularly to the valve mechanisms for this type of motor which comprise a valve having a movement of rotation or' oscillation in its seat. .It is conducive to thev efiicient-o'peraf' tion of this .type of valve that it be oper` ated with a' small expenditure of power and that a gas tight jointv be maintained under varying conditions oftemperatureand with long Vcontinued usage. This result can be 'best secured if the pressure upon Vthe valve vner the vvear upon the valve and seat is reduced to a minimum and the mechanism may be operated .for anv indefinite period Without replacement. e

The object ofthe present invention is to provide avalve mechanism of this type which affords large port and passage areas for the a'dmission and exhaust of the gases from the cylinder Without leakage of Ythe same and which may be operated with a small expenditure of power while maintaining a gas tight joint indefinitely.

With this object in view, one feature of the invention consists in the provision of means for balancing lthe valve in synchronism with the changes of pressure in the cylinder sothat the, valve is maintained permanently inV a condition ofsubstantial static equilibrium.

Still -f further features of the invention consistV in certain novel featuresrof -con-` struction, combinations and.;arrangements of parts hereinafter described Aand claimed,y

the advantageslof which will be=obvious to those skilled in the artrfrom the following description. y u In the` accompanying'drawings illustratiy ing the preferred form of the invention-3;.;

Specification of' Letters Patent.

tion off' Vales,

Patentodoct. s, 1912.

Application tled- January 3, 1912. Serial 110,669,241.

'Figure 1 represents a front elevationof an internal combustion motor embodying vthe several features ofthe invention in their preferred forms; Fig'.v 2 is a section uponf -the line 2 2 of Fig.- 1. looking inthe' direction of the arrow Fig., 3 is a--sectioal ele? vation taken upo'n the line 3 3 of F ig. 2

looking in the direction-ofthe arrow; Fig. 4 is a sectional elevation illustrating amodified construction for balancing the vertical component of the pressure upon the v valve; and Fig. 5 is asectional elevation*A illustrating another modified construction for balancing the vertical Icor'nponent of the pressure upon the valve",A

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the -motor 4ishindicatedvat ljand consists of 'the usual water jacketed cylinders indicated at 2, and each provided lwith pistons 3 operatively connected lto 'the crank shaft 4 through connecting rods ,5;y Asingle valve supplies two adjacent cylinders and the valvel chamber lis provided with a water jacketed valve seat housing 6 having `a por 7` opening into each'f'o'f-the cylinders.

The rotary valve is indicated'atS and isv lprovided Withan ,iiiletport 9 and an outletI port 10 which open into sepa-rate chambers formed in the interior ofthe valve land divided by a lpartition 11'. '1-he-valve is rotated continuously `to bring the inlet and 'outlet parts of the valve successivelyjinto"v `register with th'e cylinder ports bya vertical shaft 13 which `is drivenfrom a valve shaft- 15 through intermeshing bevel gears- 16 and v17. -As will bevnoted-from an in spection of Fig. 1, the'cranks of the vtwo adjacent cylinders are positioned 180D apartv Y port at the-proper time.

lThe above described 4construction forms no part f tli'bresentinvention, andvisfully described lin the co-pending applica;-

October` 24,1911.v l -V This valve is employed in connectionrwith` agas engine of the four'cycle type,'in';which.

the successi-vc strokes'of the piston. are' eX. f

plosion, exhaustfsuction and.' eompressionf `Seria-l No. "658,526, filedl During `the-exhaust and lsuction strokes fof the piston-,fthe.exhaustiand inletports re-f` vspectively "egister YWith the" cylinder port,.-

:but during *thej'explosion and` compression strokes of the piston, the cylinder port is closed by the blank wall of the valve and the l pressure of the gas in the cylinder upon this wall causes an 4unbalanced pressure to be exerted upon the valve if notcompensated for in some manner. the valve is balanced laterally by applying to the valve diametrically opposite each cylinder port a pressure which is equal and op positely directed to the pressure applied to the valve through the cylinder port.V The valve is made truste-conical in form, as with this type of valve a gas tight joint may be maintained with repeated. contraction and expansion and with long continued wear. The vertical component of the unbalanced pressure acting against the inclined wall of the valve, however, tends-to force the valve away from its seat, making it desirable to provide some means for balancing the valve axially. In order to neutralize the vertical component of this unbalanced pressure, means are provided for applying an equal and eppositely directed pressure axially-of the valve which effectively neutralizes the w: tical component of the unbalanced pres- 'e .vithout causing any substantial axialfasure in either direction, thus allowing :.lie valve to` be firmly seated without anundue pressure. ln thc simplest and most ellieieut ferm of the inventionwhich has yet been devised, connections are provided which allow a free transmission of pressure from the cylinders to a series of chambers so arranged that the pressure in either or both of the cylinders tending to unbalance the valve will always be maintained in the chambers and applied to the valve in a manner to balance it. i

The valve 8 is frusto-conical in form, as shown clearly in Fig. 3 and rotates in a valve seat 20 which secured in the valve seat ho'usinjgr 6. Each of the cylinders is provided with a pressure pipe 22 connecting the upper portion of the cylinder with two pressure chambers 24 and 25 formed in the top and bottom of thevalve seat f2() diametrically opposite to the port 7 of the cylinder. The total lateral pressure exerted upon both the top and bottom of theI valve by each pair of chambers is equal to the pressure exerted through the opposite cylinder port,

thus balancing the valve laterally without cramping in its seat. The two sets of chambers are. separated from and entirely independent of one another so that no opportunity is afforded for leakage from one cham.- ber to the other.

In order to balance the yertieal component of t-he normal pressure 'exerted upon the wallof the valve, a 'pistoni 30 is rigidly connected to the upper portion of the valve by a rod32 secured to the valve at 33. The piston-30 is slidingly mounted in an auxiliary cylinder 34 and is provided with a In the present invention main pipe 22. The chambers 36 are each provided with a dummy piston 4() havingprovision for slight movement in the chambers and bearing upon the upper face of the piston 30 'in order to effectually seal each chamber and prevent a leaka of the gas from one chamber to the ot er. In

order to press .the dummy pistons rmly- `against the face of the piston 30, a recess is formed in each chamber and an annular flange upon the piston extends into the recess, the upper side of the flange forming an extended surface over which the pressure is applied to maintain the dummy piston in engagement with the piston 30 and assist-in balancing the axial thrust. The .dummy pist-ons and main piston are so desigiied that the combined pressure areas of the dummy piston and main piston in each chamber balance the thrust from one cylinder. With this constructionthe gas cannot leak past the lower face of the dummy piston asfthe pressure of the gas is exerted entirely Vupon the top face of t-he piston pressing thelower face firmly into engagementwithv the piston 30 and preventing the ent-rance of any gas beneath the lower face of the dummy piston to exert an upward pressure on the same. Each of thel pistons is providedwith a series of piston rings indicated .at 42 to prevent any leakage of gas between the lpiston and the walls of the casing. The valve is'provided' with adepending rod 41 which is clutched to the shaft 13 in any suitable manner, and in order to prevent the accidental unseating of the valve, a spring 43 is Supported upon a sleeve 42 secured to the upper end of the shaft 13 and bears against the upper side of a pin 44 projecting from the rod 41.

In order to eliminate the friction Vbetween the valve and its seat, it is necessary to provide means for maintaining a film of oil-bctween the two surfaces and to this end a pair of oil feed pipes-45 are connected with recesses 46 formed in the valve seat.Y `The oil flows from the feed.pipes down the recesses and is drawn out of 'the recesses between the surfaces throughout the entire length of the valve. In order to remove the surplus oil, the recesses 46 Icommunicate at their lower ends with an annular Yrecess 47 formed nin the bottom of the valve seat and connected with a return pipe 48, as indicated clcarly in Fig. 3. The piston 30 and the dummy pistons'40 are lubricated from an oil feed pipe 50 which leads into the upper portion of the auxiliary cylinder above the piston 30. The oil drops onto the face of the. pistoi'.I 20 and is thrown by centrifugal force into an annular recess 51 formed in the casing, from whence it passes out through a return pipe 52.

The lconstruction shown in Fig. -1 illustrates a modified form of mechanism for balancing the vertical component of the normal pressure upon the valve. In this construction a hollow cylinder (i0 is secured to the top of the valve casing and the upper end of the cylinder is closed by a cap (i1. Two bearing members 62 and 63 are threadedly mounted in the interior of the cylinder 60 in spaced relation to one another, and the chambers formed between the bearing member (3Q and the top of the casing and the bearing membeist and 63 respectively are connected with each of the cylinders through the ports 6G and 67. The bearing member (1Q is provided with a piston 70 having a plurality of laterally projecting packing rings 71 engaging with cooperating recesses formed in a packing member 72 forming a labyrinth packing ard preventing leakage of the gas between tlv 'oe-ring member and piston. The bearin;r member 62 is provided with a similar piston 75 having packing rings 7G which engage with cooperating recesses formed in a packing member 77. The piston 75 is of a greater diameter than the piston 70 and both pistons are rigidly secured to a vertical rod 7S connected to the rotary valve. 'I` he gas in the upper chamber exerts a downward pressure upon the piston 70 and the gas in the lower chamber exerts a downward pressure upon the piston 75 and an opposite upward pressure upon the piston '70. but as the piston 75 has a greater area over which the pressure is effective than the piston 70 the resultant pressure upon both cylinders is in a downward direction and is l sufficient to bala-nce the vertical component of the normal pressure upon the valve. It will be noted that both pistons have provision for a slight vertical movement with relation to the bearing members in order to allow for expansion and contraction of the valve under varying conditions of temperature and for wear upon the valve and seat. Each of the pistons is lubricated from an oil feed pipe 80 through which oil is forced under pressure into a duct formed in the bearing member and from thence down into an annular recess 81 and out through a return pipe 82.

Still another construction for balancing the vertical component of the normal pressure upon'the valve is illustrated in Fig. 5 and consists of two pistons 90 and 91 mounted in tandem and slidingly supported in a casing 92 secured to the top of the valve casing. Both of the pistons are rigidly secured to a vertical rod 93 which is connected to the upper portion of the valve and the pressure is transmitted from the cylinders into chambers 94 and 95 formed above the pistons 90 and 91 respectivel The piston 91 is of a greater diameter tian the piston 90, thus causing a resultant downward pressure to be exerted upon the valve by the two pistons as explained clearly with regard to the construction shown in Fig. l. In order to prevent any leakage of gas out of the chambers, a dummy piston 99 is mounted in cach chamber and is pressed upon its eooperating piston to effectually seal each chamber. Each of these pistons 99 is provided with an annular `flange 100 at its upper end extending into a coperatin recess formed in the casing in order to a ord the proper pressure area and enable it to be tightly seated upon the piston. The contacting surfaces of the dummy piston 99 and the pistons 90 and 91 are lubricated by oil feed pipes 101 and ltr. respectively through which the oil is forced. The 'oil flows down bet wcen the pistons and cylinder walls and is thrown by centrifugal force into annular recesses 10?) and 10i from whence it is led away by return pipes 105 and 10G.

WYhile it is preferred to employ the specitic construction and arrangement of parts shown and described, it will be understood that this construction and arrangement is not. essential except so far as specified in the claims and may be changed or modified without departing from the broader featurcs of tht invention.

Having thus described the inventiomwhat is claimed isz- 1.\n internal combustion motor having, in combination, a cylinder, a piston operating therein, a valve chamber provided with a port opening into the cylinder, a valve supported in the chamber and having a valve port arranged to register with the cylinder port, means for continuously rotating the valve, and means for balancing the valve both laterally and axially in synchronism with the changes of pressure in the cylinder, substantiall)v as described.

S2. An internal combustion motor having,

in combination, a cylinder, a piston operat- 1 ing therein, a valve chamber provided with a port opening into the cylinder. a continuously rotated valve supported in the chamber and having supply and exhaust ports arranged to register with thc cylinder port and means Vfor applying to the valve diametrically opposite the cylinder port a pressure which is equal and oppositely directed to the pressure applicd to the vali-c through the c vlindcr port. .sulw-.tantially as described.

2l. An internal. combustion motor having, in combination. a cylinder. a piston operating therein. a valve chamber provided with t a port opening into the cylinder, a valve supported in the chamber and having supply 'and exhaust ports arranged to register with the cylinder port, means for continuously rotating the valve and a plurality 'of pressure chambers connected with the cylinder and arranged to allow a free transmission of pressure from the cylinder toA the chambers to secure a iatcral balance of the valve, substantially as described.

4. An internal combustion motor having, in combination, a plurality of cylinders, a piston operating in each cylinder, a valve chamber provided with a port opening into each cylinder, a valve supported in the chamber and having a port arranged to successively register with the cylinder ports and means for applying to the valve diametrically opposite to each cylinder a pressure which is equal and oppositely directed to the pressure applied to the valve through each cylinder port, substantially as described.

5. An internal combustion motor having, in combination, a cylinder, a piston operating therein, a valve seat having a port opening into the cylinder and provlded with a pair of pressure chambers formed in the upper and lower portion of the seat diametrically opposite to the cylinder' port, connections between the chambers and the cylinder allowing a free transmission of pressure from the cylinder to the chambers, and a continuously rotated valve supported in the seat, substantially as described.

6. An internal combustion motor having, in combination, a plurality of cylinders, a piston `,perating in each cylinder, a valve chamber provided with a port opening into each cylinder and a pressure chamber located diametrlcally opposite to each cylinder port, connections between each chamber and 1ts respective cylinder and a continuously rotated valve provided with inlet and exhaust ports and arranged to permanently seal the pressure chambers, substantially as described.

7. An internal combustion motor comprising a cylinder, a valve chamber having a port communicating with the cylinder, a conical rotary valve supported in the chamber, means for balancing the valve laterally and a piston connected to the valve and arranged to balance the valve axially, substantially as described.

8. An internal combustion motor having, in combination, a cylinder, a piston operating therein, a valve chamber provided with a port openingr into the cylinder, a valve supported in the chamber and having supply and exhaust ports arranged to register with the cylinder port, means for continuously rotating the valve, and means for balancing the valve laterally, substantially as described.

9. An internal combustion motor comprising a plurality of cylinders, a Valve chamber having a port opening into each of the cylinders, a conical rotary valve supported in the chamber, a piston connected to the valve and independent means connected to 'each cylinder for applying a pressure to the upper surface of the piston sufficient to balance the axial thrust of the conical valve, substantially as described.

l0. An internal combustion motor comprising a cylinder, a valve chamber, a rotary valve supported therein, -and means for balancing the thrust of the valve in one direction consisting of a piston rigidly connected to the valve, an auxiliary cylinder inclosing the piston and having a chamber formed therein, connections between the chamber and cylinder to allow a free transmission ot' pressure therebetween, and a dummy piston supported in the chamber and arranged .to bear upon the face of the first mentioned piston, substantially as described.

1l. An internal combustion motor comprising a plurality of cylinders, a valve chamber, a rotary valve supported therein, a piston rigidly connected to the valve, a cylinder inclosing the piston and having a plurality ot chambers formed therein, connections between the cylinders and chambers to allow a ree transmission ot pressure therebetween, and a dummy piston located in each chamber and arranged to press firmly against the face of the first mentioned piston to prevent communication between the chambers, substantially as described.

1Q. An internal combustion motor comprising a plurality oi' c.\f'linders. a valve chamber, a rotary valve supported therein, a piston rigidly connected to the valve, a cylinder inclosing the piston and having a plurality of clnunlu-rsI formed therein, connections hetween the cylinders and chambers to allow a free transmission of pressure therebetween, a dummy piston located in each chamber and arranged to press firmly against the face of the first mentioned pisbon to prevent communication between the chambers, an oil feed pipe communicating with the central portion of the cylinder, and an annular recess formed in the cylinder and having connection with a return pipe, substantially as described.

13. An internal combustion motor having, in combination, a cylinder, a piston operating therein, a valve chamber provided with a port opening into the cylinder, a valve supported in the chamber and having supply and exhaust ports arranged to register with the cylinder port, means for continuously rotating the valve, and fluid means for placing the valve in a condition of substantial static equilibrium, substantially as described.

14. An internal combustion motor having, in combination, a cylinder, a piston operating therein, a valve chamber provided with a port opening into the cylinder, a valve supported in the chamber and having supply and exhaust ports arranged to register with the cylinder port, Huid means for balancing the valve both axially and laterally, and means for exerting a slight excess pressure axially of the valve to firmly seal it, substantially as described.

l5. An internal combustion motor comprising a cylinder, a valve chamber, a valve supported in the chamber, means for ccntinuously rotating the valve, and Huid means for balancing the valve in synchro nism with the changes of pressure in the cylinder, substantially as described.

GUY B. COLLIER.

Vitnesses BURTON V. CARY, WARREN G. OGDEN.

Copies of this patent inay be obtained for ve cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

